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LastUpdate Última actualización 15/09/2026 [08:03:00]
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Solicitudes publicadas en los últimos 15 días / Applications published in the last 15 days
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SELF-LUBRICATING UNIVERSAL JOINT

NºPublicación:  WO2026182927A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
ARRAY TECH INC [US]
ARRAY TECH, INC.
WO_2026182927_A1

Resumen de: WO2026182927A1

A universal joint (U-joint) (414) for a solar tracker system may include a cross member (420) including a central body (430) and four trunnions (428a-d) extending outwardly from the central body. Each trunnion may be coupled to a bushing (422a-d) having a self-lubricating inner surface. The U-joint may include a first yoke (418) configured to be coupled to a driveshaft and a second yoke (424) configured to be coupled to a driveline. The first yoke may include a first arm (432a) and a second arm (432b), and each arm may define an aperture (434a, 434b). The aperture of the first and second arms may couple the first and second arms to a respective self-lubricating bushing. The second yoke may include a third arm (432c) and a fourth arm (432d), and each arm may define an aperture (434c, 434d). The aperture of the third and fourth arms may couple the third and fourth arms to a respective self-lubricating bushing.

FLOATING BODY-TYPE SOLAR POWER GENERATION PANEL

NºPublicación:  WO2026181269A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
AIZAWA CONCRETE CORP [JP]
\u6703\u6FA4\u9AD8\u5727\u30B3\u30F3\u30AF\u30EA\u30FC\u30C8\u682A\u5F0F\u4F1A\u793E
WO_2026181269_A1

Resumen de: WO2026181269A1

Problem To provide a floating body-type solar power generation panel for which the operation cost for power transmission is low and which is capable of transmitting power in consideration of power supply-and-demand balance without the provision of a large-scale power storage facility. Solution A floating body type solar power generation panel (1) is configured so as to comprise: a floating body (4) that floats on the sea and has a predetermined area; a solar cell module (2) that generates power by sunlight; and a power storage module (5) that stores and discharges power. The solar cell module (2) is provided on the upper surface of the floating body (4). The power storage module (5) is provided on the lower side of the solar cell module (2).

PROCESS FOR THE FORMATION OF A PEROVSKITE LAYER IN PARTICULAR FOR A PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

NºPublicación:  US20260262321A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
SINGULUS TECH AG [DE]
SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES AG
US_20260262321_A1

Resumen de: US20260262321A1

0000 A method for forming a perovskite layer on a carrier substrate and a method for manufacturing a solar cell having such a perovskite layer. The method includes providing the carrier substrate coated with a first perovskite precursor layer composed of a first perovskite precursor, coating the first perovskite precursor layer on the carrier substrate with a second perovskite precursor layer by applying a solution, which contains a second perovskite precursor forming the second perovskite precursor layer, to a roll, and transferring the solution as a solution film to the first perovskite precursor layer by unrolling the roll along the first perovskite precursor layer, and heating the first perovskite precursor layer together with the solution film above a predetermined reaction temperature limit to initiate a chemical reaction between the first perovskite precursor and the second perovskite precursor.

PROCESS FOR THE FORMATION OF A PEROVSKITE LAYER IN PARTICULAR FOR A PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

NºPublicación:  US20260262435A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
SINGULUS TECH AG [DE]
SINGULUS TECHNOLOGIES AG
US_20260262435_A1

Resumen de: US20260262435A1

A method for forming a perovskite layer on a carrier substrate and a method for manufacturing a solar cell having such a perovskite layer. The method includes mixing a solution which contains a first and a second perovskite precursor at a mixing temperature, applying the solution to the carrier substrate, moving the carrier substrate together with the applied solution in a two-dimensional movement and simultaneously cooling the carrier substrate together with the applied solution to a deposition temperature below the carrier substrate starting temperature in order to produce a deposited layer which contains the first and the second perovskite precursor on the carrier substrate.

MULTI-FUNCTIONAL, FOLDABLE, ASYMMETRIC PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM AND METHOD

NºPublicación:  US20260261233A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
KING ABDULLAH UNIV OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY [SA]
KING ABDULLAH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
US_20260261233_A1

Resumen de: US20260261233A1

A retractable and modular photovoltaic (PV) system for transforming solar energy into electrical energy includes a first asymmetric PV module including (i) a first part free of PV cells, and (ii) a second part including first plural PV cells for generating the electrical energy; a first end junction box electrically connected to a first end of the first plural PV cells; and a second end junction box electrically connected to a second end of the first plural PV cells. The first asymmetric PV module is made of a bendable material so that the first part bends relative to the second part along a boundary when the first asymmetric PV module is retracted.

SURFACE PASSIVATION STRUCTURE FOR CUT SOLAR CELL, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF, CUT SOLAR CELL, AND PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE

NºPublicación:  US20260262328A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
TERANERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
Teranergy Technology Co., Ltd.
US_20260262328_A1

Resumen de: US20260262328A1

0000 Provided are a surface passivation structure for a cut solar cell, a preparation method thereof, a cut solar cell, and a photovoltaic module. The surface passivation structure includes a silicon substrate, where one side or two opposite sides of the silicon substrate are laser-cut surfaces; a front/back surface of the silicon substrate includes a base region located in a central portion and small textured regions located on four side edges; the base region is provided with a boron emitter; a front passivation and anti-reflection layer covers the boron emitter and the small textured regions; surfaces of the boron emitter and the small textured regions are provided with pyramidal textured structures; and a pyramid in the base region has a larger dimension than pyramids in the small textured regions. The provided removes pn junctions on a laser-cut edge and a non-laser-cut edge and forms small pyramidal textured structures.

GATE LINE STRUCTURE, PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL, ASSEMBLY, AND SYSTEM

NºPublicación:  WO2026179356A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
ZHEJIANG AIKO SOLAR TECH CO LTD [CN]
TIANJIN AIKO SOLAR TECH CO LTD [CN]
GUANGDONG AIKO SOLAR TECH CO LTD [CN]
SHANDONG AIKO SOLAR TECH CO LTD [CN]
ZHUHAI FUSHAN AIKO SOLAR TECH CO LTD [CN]
\u6D59\u6C5F\u7231\u65ED\u592A\u9633\u80FD\u79D1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
\u5929\u6D25\u7231\u65ED\u592A\u9633\u80FD\u79D1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
\u5E7F\u4E1C\u7231\u65ED\u79D1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
\u5C71\u4E1C\u7231\u65ED\u592A\u9633\u80FD\u79D1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
\u73E0\u6D77\u5BCC\u5C71\u7231\u65ED\u592A\u9633\u80FD\u79D1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2026179356_A1

Resumen de: WO2026179356A1

The present invention relates to the technical field of solar batteries, and specifically provides a gate line structure, a photovoltaic cell, an assembly, and a system. The gate line structure comprises a gate line, wherein the gate line comprises a first end surface and a second end surface arranged opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the cell, the second end surface is provided at the end of the gate line facing away from a substrate of the cell, and the second end surface is provided with a plurality of protruding structures.

PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE MOUNT WITH INTEGRATED CABLE MANAGEMENT FEATURE

NºPublicación:  US20260261238A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
ARRAY TECH INC [US]
ARRAY TECH, INC.
US_20260261238_A1

Resumen de: US20260261238A1

A photovoltaic (PV) module mount having an integrated cable management feature, a system incorporating a PV module mount, and a method for making a PV module mount are disclosed. In one embodiment, a PV module mount may include a mounting rail configured to be secured to a PV module. The mounting rail may include a first side wall, a second side wall, a connecting structure connecting at least a portion of the first side wall with at least a portion of the second side wall, and one or more tabs. The one or more tabs may include a cable management feature configured to retain one or more electrical cables, and a PV module spacer configured to create a separation between PV modules mounted on the PV module mounting rail.

PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

NºPublicación:  WO2026179133A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
SHENZHEN HELLO TECH ENERGY CO LTD [CN]
\u6DF1\u5733\u5E02\u534E\u5B9D\u65B0\u80FD\u6E90\u80A1\u4EFD\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2026179133_A1

Resumen de: WO2026179133A1

Provided in the present application are a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic module comprises: a photovoltaic tile; a first connector, which comprises a first connecting portion and a cover plate, wherein the first connecting portion is connected to one side of the photovoltaic tile in a first direction, and the cover plate comprises a body section and a first extension section; and a second connector, which comprises a second connecting portion, wherein the second connecting portion is connected to the other side of the photovoltaic tile in the first direction. In two adjacent photovoltaic modules, the first connector of one photovoltaic module cooperates with the second connector of the other photovoltaic module, the cover plate can shield the side of the second connecting portion in the direction of thickness of the photovoltaic tile, and when the first connector and second connector that are mated are in a target assembled state, the cover plate protrudes from the second connecting portion in the first direction through the first extension section. The photovoltaic module provided in the present application ensures a waterproof effect, and can also avoid the exposure of a gap between adjacent photovoltaic modules, which would otherwise affect the appearance.

BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAICS PARKING GARAGE WITH THERMAL INSULATION EFFECTS

NºPublicación:  US20260261230A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
LEE SHUN KEE [CN]
LEE Shun Kee
US_20260261230_A1

Resumen de: US20260261230A1

0000 A BIPV parking garage with thermal insulation effects includes a steel structure frame, a vehicle-carrying assembly, lifting assemblies, guide assemblies, and an energy storage device. The steel structure frame is divided into three levels or into multiple levels. A top of the steel structure frame is fixedly connected to a bottom of a first BIPV panel, and a second BIPV panel is fixedly mounted on a front side of the steel structure frame. The energy storage device is disposed on a left side of the steel structure frame. Each of the first BIPV panel and the second BIPV panel is electrically connected to the energy storage device via a charging cable. A discharge cable is fixedly mounted on a top of the energy storage cable. A parking and retrieval control panel is fixedly mounted on the front side of the steel structure frame.

BUILDING MATERIAL AND BUILDING STRUCTURE

NºPublicación:  WO2026181842A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
PORTA PARK INC [JP]
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WO_2026181842_A1

Resumen de: WO2026181842A1

Provided are a building material to which a sheet-shaped member can be more firmly mounted with less hindrance to remounting work, and a building structure. The building material (1) comprises two protrusions (10) arranged in parallel and a flat surface part (20) formed between the two protrusions (10). Each of the two protrusions (10) has an undercut part (11) which is recessed inward of the protrusion (10) at a connection portion with the flat surface part (20) and into which an end part of a solar cell panel (PV) is inserted. The protrusions (10) are connected by a rod-shaped member (R) so as to overlap each other.

ELECTRIC TRUCK WITH AN ELECTRIC TAILGATE

NºPublicación:  US20260257576A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
EVJAM LLC [US]
EVJAM LLC
US_20260257576_A1

Resumen de: US20260257576A1

One or more examples provide an electric vehicle or a device for use with an electric vehicle, including an electric vehicle charging system and method. In one example, an electric truck with an electric tailgate is disclosed.

BACK-CONTACT SOLAR CELL, BATTERY ASSEMBLY AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

NºPublicación:  US20260262327A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
ZHUHAI FUSHAN AIKO SOLAR TECH CO LTD [CN]
ZHEJIANG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
TIANJIN AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
GUANGDONG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
SHENZHEN AIKO DIGITAL ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
ZHUHAI FUSHAN AIKO SOLAR TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
ZHEJIANG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
TIANJIN AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
GUANGDONG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
SHENZHEN AIKO DIGITAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
US_20260262327_A1

Resumen de: US20260262327A1

A back-contact solar cell, a battery assembly and a photovoltaic system. In the back-contact solar cell, several grooves arranged at intervals are formed in a back surface of a silicon wafer, so as to divide the back surface of the silicon wafer into several first regions and second regions that are alternately arranged in sequence, in an arrangement direction of the first regions and the second regions, the silicon wafer is provided on the first regions and the edges of the grooves with extension portions that extrude to the upper side of the grooves, and second polarity doping layers are disposed on second tunneling layers in a stacked manner and have a preset distance with the edges of the grooves.

BACK-CONTACT SOLAR CELL, BATTERY ASSEMBLY AND PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

NºPublicación:  US20260262329A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
ZHUHAI FUSHAN AIKO SOLAR TECH CO LTD [CN]
ZHEJIANG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
TIANJIN AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
GUANGDONG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
SHENZHEN AIKO DIGITAL ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
ZHUHAI FUSHAN AIKO SOLAR TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
ZHEJIANG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
TIANJIN AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
GUANGDONG AIKO SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
SHENZHEN AIKO DIGITAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
US_20260262329_A1

Resumen de: US20260262329A1

A back-contact solar cell, a battery assembly and a photovoltaic system. In the back-contact solar cell, several grooves arranged at intervals are formed in a back surface of a silicon wafer, so as to divide the back surface of the silicon wafer into several first regions and second regions that are alternately arranged in sequence, in an arrangement direction of the first regions and the second regions, the silicon wafer is provided on the first regions and the edges of the grooves with extension portions that extrude to the upper side of the grooves, and second polarity doping layers are disposed on second tunneling layers in a stacked manner and have a preset distance with the edges of the grooves.

SPECTRAL SEPARATION OF LIGHT FOR COLLECTION

NºPublicación:  WO2026182774A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
MICROCHIP TECH INCORPORATED [US]
MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INCORPORATED
WO_2026182774_A1

Resumen de: WO2026182774A1

A method to focus sunlight via a lens onto a prism, disperse sunlight via the prism into different wavelength light rays, capture the dispersed light rays with different photo voltaic cells having different energy bandgaps to convert the light rays to electricity. A system with a lens rod array to focus sunlight, a prism rod array wherein respective prism rods disperse sunlight into different wavelength light ray arrays, different photo voltaic cell arrays wherein respective cells are positioned to capture the different wavelength light ray arrays and have different energy bandgap to convert the different light ray arrays to electricity.

SOLAR CELL, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SOLAR CELL

NºPublicación:  WO2026181794A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
KANEKA CORP [JP]
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WO_2026181794_A1

Resumen de: WO2026181794A1

The present invention is provided with an elongated bus bar electrode (3) that is formed on a substrate (2) formed from a semiconductor wafer, and a plurality of finger electrodes (4) that are formed so as to intersect the bus bar electrode (3) and have an elongated shape narrower than the bus bar electrode (3), wherein the bus bar electrode (3) has connection portions (30) that are connected respectively to the plurality of finger electrodes (4), and non-connection portions (31) that are not connected to the finger electrodes (4), the non-connection portions (31) being wider than the connection portions (30).

PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT

NºPublicación:  WO2026182152A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
SHARP ENERGY SOLUTIONS CORP [JP]
\u30B7\u30E3\u30FC\u30D7\u30A8\u30CD\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u30BD\u30EA\u30E5\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u682A\u5F0F\u4F1A\u793E
WO_2026182152_A1

Resumen de: WO2026182152A1

This photoelectric conversion element 10 in a tandem solar cell includes a top cell 11 disposed on the light-receiving surface side and a bottom cell 12 disposed on the rear surface side. The top cell 11 has a top cell light absorption layer 114 containing a perovskite compound, and the bottom cell 12 has a bottom cell light absorption layer 123 containing silicon. An n-type polysilicon dopant layer 121 and a first tunnel oxide layer 122 are provided between the bottom cell light absorption layer 123 and the top cell 11 in the bottom cell 12, and a p-type polysilicon dopant layer 125 and a second tunnel oxide layer 124 are provided between the bottom cell light absorption layer 123 and a lower electrode 126 in the bottom cell 12.

SELF-CLEANING SOLAR PANEL ASSEMBLY

NºPublicación:  US20260261235A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
SEG SOLAR INC [US]
SEG Solar Inc.
US_20260261235_A1

Resumen de: US20260261235A1

A solar module includes a photovoltaic panel and a frame structure for retaining the photovoltaic panel on at least two sides. The frame structure has an elongated body on each of the sides, and the elongated body has a central segment having a first substantially consistent cross-section and end segments each having a second cross-section distinct from the first substantially consistent cross-section. The first substantially consistent cross section includes a substantially horizontal section for engaging a back surface of the photovoltaic panel, and a substantially vertical section extending from the substantially horizontal section in a substantially perpendicular direction for engaging a side surface of the photovoltaic panel. The second cross-section includes the substantially horizontal section for engaging the back surface of the photovoltaic panel but not the substantially vertical section.

MANUFACTURING CONTROL AND MONITORING FOR AUTOMATED SOLAR INSTALLATION

NºPublicación:  US20260259548A1 03/09/2026
Solicitante: 
TERABASE ENERGY INC [US]
Terabase Energy, Inc.
US_20260259548_A1

Resumen de: US20260259548A1

0000 A large solar farm comprises one or more solar arrays, each with hundreds of rows of solar modules. Construction of a solar farm is a process that involves a large amount of human effort and coordination for solar table assembling and installation. The present invention discloses various embodiments for solar table manufacturing and installation monitoring and control. Solar tables are assembled at a centralized factory according to build orders placed via a manufacturing execution system. Assembled solar tables are transported by mobile transport or trailers to or near point of installation and then transferred to lander vehicles for installation. Implementation of the invention integrates coordinated solar table assembling, transporting, transferring, and installation for large solar installation projects.

STEEL FRAME FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

NºPublicación:  EP4800920A1 02/09/2026
Solicitante: 
POSCO CO LTD [KR]
POSCO Co., Ltd
EP_4800920_PA

Resumen de: EP4800920A1

According to the present disclosure, a steel frame for a photovoltaic module includes a frame member formed by bending a single alloy coated steel sheet and having an insertion part into which a photovoltaic panel is inserted and a hollow part forming a closed cross-section, and the alloy coated steel sheet includes a Mg-Al-Zn-based plating layer on a surface of a steel sheet having a yield strength of 280 to 350 MPa.

ELECTRICAL CONNECTION DEVICE

NºPublicación:  EP4799242A1 02/09/2026
Solicitante: 
MOBASOLAR [FR]
Mobasolar
FR_3159474_PA

Resumen de: WO2025176354A1

The invention relates to an electrical connection device (1) between a first part (2a) and a second part (2b), the first and second parts (2a, 2b) being configured to be connected and held by a third part (3). The connection device is notable in that it comprises: - a first and a second side section (4a; 4b), comprising a first and second fastening means, respectively, and a first and second electrical connection means (6a, 6b), respectively, arranged to automatically create an electrical contact between the connection device (1) and the first and second part (2a, 2b), respectively, when the first and second parts (2a, 2b) are fastened respectively to the connection device (1) via the first and second fastening means (5a, 5b), respectively. The connection device (1) is also notable in that it further comprises a central section (7) having a variable length.

COMPOSITION, PREPARATION METHOD FOR COMPOSITION, AND PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT

NºPublicación:  EP4801241A1 02/09/2026
Solicitante: 
CANON KK [JP]
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
EP_4801241_A1

Resumen de: EP4801241A1

Provided is such a composition that the dispersion stability of the composition and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a photoelectric conversion element using the composition are improved. The composition is a composition including: a pigment that is a cyclic conjugated compound in which a plurality of pyrrole rings are bonded by conjugated bonds; a dispersant; a resin; and a solvent, wherein the dispersant is a calixarene compound represented by the following formula A, and wherein a mass of the dispersant in the composition is 0.20 times or more with respect to a mass of the resin in the composition.

PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT, PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION DEVICE, MOBILE BODY, AND BUILDING MATERIAL

NºPublicación:  EP4801235A1 02/09/2026
Solicitante: 
CANON KK [JP]
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
EP_4801235_A1

Resumen de: EP4801235A1

Provided is a photoelectric conversion element having improved conversion efficiency. The photoelectric conversion element is a photoelectric conversion element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photoelectric conversion layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the photoelectric conversion layer containing a crystal having a perovskite structure, wherein the photoelectric conversion element includes, between the photoelectric conversion layer and the first electrode, a charge-transporting layer containing a phthalocyanine crystal, wherein, in an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the phthalocyanine crystal using a CuKα ray, a peak is present in a range of a Bragg angle 20 of 28.0 to 29.0°, and wherein a lattice spacing d1 nm calculated from a value of 20 of the peak satisfies 0.3100≤d1≤0.3160.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT

NºPublicación:  EP4801239A1 02/09/2026
Solicitante: 
CANON KK [JP]
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
EP_4801239_A1

Resumen de: EP4801239A1

Provided is a method of producing a photoelectric conversion element having improved adhesiveness between its charge-transporting layer and photoelectric conversion layer. The method is a method of producing a photoelectric conversion element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photoelectric conversion layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the photoelectric conversion layer containing a crystal having a perovskite structure, the method including, in this order, the steps of: performing passivation treatment on a surface of the photoelectric conversion layer; and forming, between a layer formed by the passivation treatment and the first electrode, a charge-transporting layer containing a cyclic conjugated compound in which a plurality of pyrrole rings are bonded by conjugated bonds and an insulating resin.

PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION ELEMENT AND PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION DEVICE

Nº publicación: EP4801230A1 02/09/2026

Solicitante:

CANON KK [JP]
Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

EP_4801230_A1

Resumen de: EP4801230A1

0001 The photoelectric conversion element includes a layer containing a crystal having a perovskite structure. When the smaller one of the electrode area of the first electrode and the electrode area of the second electrode is represented by S cm<2>, in a Nyquist plot based on the measurement results of an impedance, the maximum value R Ω out of resistance values obtained by fitting an arc corresponding to the maximum value of a phase in a low frequency range with a parallel circuit of a resistance element and a constant phase element satisfies the following formula (E1): 1.0 × 10 4 < R rec × S < 1.0 × 10 7 and the maximum value R Ω out of resistance values obtained by fitting an arc corresponding to the maximum value of the phase in a high frequency range with the parallel circuit of the resistance element and the constant phase element, and the R Ω satisfy the following formula (E2). R rec / R ct ≥ 25

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