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Publicaciones de los últimos 15 días/Last 15 days publications (excluidas pubs. CN y JP /CN and JP pubs. excluded)
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BINDER INCLUDING COPOLYMER, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR SECONDARY BATTERY INCLUDING SAME BINDER, AND SECONDARY BATTERY INCLUDING SAME NEGATIVE ELECTRODE

Publication No.:  US2025379234A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
HANSOL CHEMICAL CO LTD [KR]
HANSOL CHEMICAL CO., LTD
US_2025379234_PA

Absstract of: US2025379234A1

A copolymer includes a main chain including a first monomer unit based on styrene, a second monomer unit containing a hydroxy group and having 4 or more and 7 or fewer carbon atoms, and a third monomer unit containing a double bond and having 4 or more and 7 or fewer carbon atoms, wherein the second monomer unit of the main chain includes a grafted polymer chain. In addition, proposed are a negative electrode slurry, a negative electrode, and a secondary battery, each including the copolymer.

COLUMNAR SECONDARY BATTERY AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

Publication No.:  US2025379236A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
XIAMEN AMPACE TECH LIMITED [CN]
Xiamen Ampace Technology Limited
US_2025379236_PA

Absstract of: US2025379236A1

A columnar secondary battery includes an electrode plate. The electrode plate includes a current collector and a material layer located on at least one surface of the current collector. Along a width direction of the electrode plate unwound, the current collector includes a coating region coated with the material layer, and a blank foil region. At least a part of the blank foil region forms a flattened portion. The blank foil region is provided with a plurality of first stripes. The plurality of first stripes extend along the width direction and are spaced apart from each other along a length direction of the electrode plate unwound. A mass of the blank foil region is M0 g, a mass of a portion of the current collector equivalent to the plurality of first stripes in volume is M1 g, and V=M1/(M0+M1).

BATTERY MODULE AND BATTERY PACK

Publication No.:  WO2025251579A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
ZHEJIANG GEELY HOLDING GROUP CO LTD [CN]
VIRIDI E MOBILITY TECH NINGBO CO LTD [CN]
ZHEJIANG ZEEKR INTELLIGENT TECH CO LTD [CN]
\u6D59\u6C5F\u5409\u5229\u63A7\u80A1\u96C6\u56E2\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8,
\u5A01\u777F\u7535\u52A8\u6C7D\u8F66\u6280\u672F\uFF08\u5B81\u6CE2\uFF09\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8,
\u6D59\u6C5F\u6781\u6C2A\u667A\u80FD\u79D1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025251579_PA

Absstract of: WO2025251579A1

A battery module and a battery pack. The battery module comprises: a battery group (1), wherein the battery group (1) comprises a plurality of battery cells (11), and one end of each battery cell (11) in a first direction is provided with an electrode pole (12) and an explosion-proof valve (13); and a protective plate assembly (2), wherein the protective plate assembly (2) is provided on the sides of the battery cells (11) provided with the electrode poles (12) in the first direction, and has mounting gaps (24) and communicating holes (25) which are spaced apart from each other, and the communicating holes (25) are opposite to the explosion-proof valves (13) in the first direction.

SELF-UNLOADING STRUCTURE AND ELECTRIC DEVICE

Publication No.:  WO2025251734A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
SUNWODA MOBILITY ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
\u6B23\u65FA\u8FBE\u52A8\u529B\u79D1\u6280\u80A1\u4EFD\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025251734_PA

Absstract of: WO2025251734A1

A self-unloading structure (100) and an electric device (200). The self-unloading structure (100) is configured to load and unload a battery pack (210) in the electric device (200), wherein a first connecting portion (212) is provided on the battery pack (210), and a second connecting portion (221) is provided on a carrying member (220) of the electric device (200); the first connecting portion (212) and the second connecting portion (221) are stacked; the self-unloading structure (100) is provided with a driving member (10) and a connecting rod (20), the driving member (10) being disposed on the side of the second connecting portion (221) facing away from the first connecting portion (212), a first connecting end (21) of the connecting rod (20) being connected to the driving member (10), and the driving member (10) being capable of driving the connecting rod (20) to extend or retract; when the connecting rod (20) extends, a second connecting end (22) of the connecting rod (20) penetrates the second connecting portion (221) and is connected to the first connecting portion (212), so as to fixedly mount the battery pack (210) on the carrying member (220); and when the connecting rod (20) retracts to disconnect the second connecting end (22) from the first connecting portion (212), the first connecting portion (212) is separated from the second connecting portion (221), and the battery pack (210) is separated from the carrying member (220) and falls off. In this way, when therma

SEPARATOR, ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY, BATTERY AND ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Publication No.:  WO2025251459A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
DONGFENG MOTOR GROUP CO LTD [CN]
\u4E1C\u98CE\u6C7D\u8F66\u96C6\u56E2\u80A1\u4EFD\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025251459_PA

Absstract of: WO2025251459A1

A separator, an electrode assembly, a battery and an electrical apparatus, belonging to the technical field of secondary batteries. The separator comprises a base membrane (1) and a coating layer (2), the coating layer (2) being attached to at least a partial area of the base membrane (1). The base membrane (1) comprises a first base membrane (11), an adhesive layer (12) and a second base membrane (13), the adhesive layer (12) being arranged between the first base membrane (11) and the second base membrane (13). The first base membrane (11) is a cellulose separator, and the second base membrane (13) is a polymer separator. By means of combining the cellulose separator and the polymer separator to use the high thermal stability of the cellulose separator and the high tensile strength of the polymer separator, the separator has the characteristics of good thermal stability and high tensile strength, thus solving the problem of bad thermal stability of the separator.

POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERIES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERIES, AND NONAQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SECONDARY BATTERY

Publication No.:  US2025379228A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
PANASONIC INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MAN CO LTD [JP]
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd
US_2025379228_PA

Absstract of: US2025379228A1

The present invention provides a positive electrode active material which contributes to the improvement of safety of a secondary battery. This positive electrode active material, which is contained in a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, contains a lithium transition metal composite oxide; the lithium transition metal composite oxide contains Ni, Mn, P, Me (Me is composed of at least one element that is selected from the group consisting of B, Al, Si, Ti, Fe, Co, Sr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, W and Bi), and at least one of Ca and Sr, respectively at specific content ratios; and the ratio m/n of the half-value width m of the diffraction peak of the (003) plane to the half-value width n of the diffraction peak of the (110) plane in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray diffractometry satisfies 0.75≤m/n.

POUCH TYPE BATTERY CASE, SECONDARY BATTERY, AND BATTERY CASE FORMING APPARATUS

Publication No.:  US2025379295A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD [KR]
LG ENERGY SOLUTION, LTD
US_2025379295_PA

Absstract of: US2025379295A1

A pouch-type battery case accommodates an electrode assembly having a electrodes and separators are alternately arranged, the battery case comprises a pouch film having a film thickness, a first surface and a second surface, a first cup portion formed in the pouch film having a recessed shape offset from the first surface towards the second surface; a second cup portion formed in the pouch film having a recessed shape offset from the first surface towards the second surface; and a bridge portion formed in the pouch film between the first cup portion and the second cup portion and connecting the first cup portion to the second cup portion; the bridge portion includes a notch formed in the first surface projecting towards the second surface.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COOLING A BATTERY

Publication No.:  US2025379276A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
TOYOTA MOTOR ENGINEERING & MFG NORTH AMERICA INC [US]
Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc
US_2025379276_PA

Absstract of: US2025379276A1

A battery cooling system may be configured for use with a battery. The battery may include a battery core. The battery cooling system may include a structured surface surrounding the battery core. The battery cooling system may include a plurality of wicking structures arranged axially around the structured surface. Each of the plurality of wicking structures may be arranged a distance apart from one another such that a space exists between each of the plurality of wicking structures. A battery case may surround the plurality of wicking structures.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MINIMIZING AND PREVENTING DENDRITE FORMATION IN ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS

Publication No.:  US2025379266A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
24M TECH INC [US]
24M Technologies, Inc
US_2025379266_PA

Absstract of: US2025379266A1

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms, and methods of producing and operating the same. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode and a cathode material disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode material and the cathode current collector forming a cathode. The electrochemical cell further includes a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, and an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material, the interlayer including a source of lithium ions, the lithium ions configured to migrate toward the anode upon a voltage difference between the interlayer and the anode exceeding a threshold value. In some embodiments, the anode can include an anode material disposed on an anode current collector. In some embodiments, the anode material can include graphite, silicon, and/or hard carbon.

BATTERY ASSEMBLY

Publication No.:  US2025379285A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
SK ON CO LTD [KR]
SK On Co., Ltd
US_2025379285_PA

Absstract of: US2025379285A1

The present disclosure relates to a battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a plurality of battery cells, each of which includes a first tab and a second tab, arranged along a predetermined stacking direction; at least one plate arranged between the plurality of battery cells; and a flow path formed inside at least one plate through which fluid moves, wherein the at least one plate may be electrically connected to a battery cell facing at least one side among the two sides including one side and the other side respectively formed along the predetermined stacking direction.

LOW FOOTPRINT ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM INSTALLATION

Publication No.:  US2025375636A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
CATERPILLAR INC [US]
Caterpillar Inc
US_2025375636_PA

Absstract of: US2025375636A1

A low footprint energy storage system installation includes a plurality of energy storage systems arranged in a stacked configuration to reduce a footprint of installation, and an indication system externally disposed relative to the plurality of energy storage systems. The indication system includes a housing, a fire alarm device, a discharge alarm device, and a panel assembly at least partially disposed in the housing and including an annunciation panel. The indication system includes a controller at least partially disposed in the housing and in communication with each of the plurality of energy storage systems, the fire alarm device, the discharge alarm device, and the panel assembly. The low footprint energy storage system installation further includes a thermal management system and a fire suppressing system communicably coupled with the controller of the indication system and in fluid communication with each of the plurality of energy storage systems.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR BATTERY DROP SIMULATION

Publication No.:  US2025378230A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD [KR]
SAMSUNG SDI CO., LTD
US_2025378230_PA

Absstract of: US2025378230A1

A battery drop simulation method including: generating, by at least one processor, a three-dimensional model including an adhesive member for a battery; receiving, by the at least one processor, information associated with the three-dimensional model; estimating, by the at least one processor, an adhesion coefficient of the adhesive member based on the information associated with the three-dimensional model; performing, by the at least one processor, a drop simulation of the three-dimensional model based on the information associated with the three-dimensional model, the adhesion coefficient, and drop condition information; and outputting, by the at least one processor, a drop simulation result of the drop simulation. The drop simulation result includes information about whether or not the adhesive member is separated due to a drop.

Dual Slot Die Coater and Method for Coating Electrode Active Material Slurry Using the Same

Publication No.:  US2025375790A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD [KR]
LG Energy Solution, Ltd
US_2025375790_PA

Absstract of: US2025375790A1

A dual slot die coater including a lower slot and an upper slot, for extrusion coating of an electrode active material slurry on a surface of a continuously moving current collector. The dual slot die coater includes a lower plate, an intermediate plate positioned on the lower plate and an upper plate positioned on the intermediate plate, the lower slot being formed between the lower plate and the intermediate plate, and the upper slot being formed between the intermediate plate and the upper plate, wherein the lower plate, the intermediate plate and the upper plate have a lower die lip, an intermediate die lip and an upper die lip, each forming an front end with respect to the current collector, respectively, and a thickness of the lower die lip is larger than a thickness of the upper die lip and a thickness of the intermediate die lip.

COATING SHIM FOR ELECTRODE SLURRY DISCHARGE, ELECTRODE SLURRY COATING DIE AND ELECTRODE MANUFACTURING DEVICE

Publication No.:  US2025375789A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
SK ON CO LTD [KR]
SK On Co., Ltd
US_2025375789_PA

Absstract of: US2025375789A1

A coating shim for electrode slurry discharge includes a hollow region through which an electrode slurry may flow and a frame surrounding at least a part of the hollow region. The frame includes a base portion extending in one direction to form one side surface of the hollow region; side portions extending at opposite ends of the base portion in a direction different from the one direction; and guide portions extending at respective ends of the side portions to face each other and to be spaced apart from each other to form a discharge port therebetween which allows the hollow region to communicate with outside. The guide portions have inclined surfaces at respective ends thereof such that a distance between lower portions of the guide portions is greater than a distance between upper portions of the guide portions.

BATTERY PACK AND ELECTRIC DEVICE

Publication No.:  WO2025251964A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
EVE ENERGY STORAGE CO LTD [CN]
\u6B66\u6C49\u4EBF\u7EAC\u50A8\u80FD\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025251964_PA

Absstract of: WO2025251964A1

The present application provides a battery pack and an electric device. The battery pack comprises a case, at least two battery modules, at least one wave-generating portion and a driving mechanism, wherein the case has a battery cavity, in which a cooling liquid is contained; the at least two battery modules are mounted in the battery cavity and arranged at intervals in a first direction; each wave-generating portion is located between two adjacent battery modules and is movably mounted in the battery cavity; and the driving mechanism drives the wave-generating portion to move.

METAL OXIDE PRECURSOR, AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR AND USE THEREOF

Publication No.:  WO2025252130A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
HUAYOU NEW ENERGY TECH QUZHOU CO LTD [CN]
ZHEJIANG HUAYOU COBALT CO LTD [CN]
\u534E\u53CB\u65B0\u80FD\u6E90\u79D1\u6280\uFF08\u8862\u5DDE\uFF09\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8,
\u6D59\u6C5F\u534E\u53CB\u94B4\u4E1A\u80A1\u4EFD\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025252130_PA

Absstract of: WO2025252130A1

A metal oxide precursor, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The metal oxide precursor is of a single-crystal structure, the flow coefficient of the metal oxide precursor is 50-95%, and the volume proportion of particles with a particle size of 0.3 μm or less in the metal oxide precursor is smaller than or equal to 1%, wherein the flow coefficient is the percentage of the volume of the single-crystal particles of the metal oxide precursor to the volume of circumcircles of the single-crystal particles of the metal oxide precursor. The metal oxide precursor has a sphere-like structure and a low micropowder proportion, which not only improves the fluidity, but can also effectively ameliorate the problems of agglomeration and bridging, thereby improving the apparent density and facilitating the improvement of the electrical properties and safety of a battery.

COVER PLATE ASSEMBLY AND BATTERY

Publication No.:  WO2025251736A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
SVOLT ENERGY TECH CO LTD [CN]
\u8702\u5DE2\u80FD\u6E90\u79D1\u6280\u80A1\u4EFD\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025251736_PA

Absstract of: WO2025251736A1

The present application relates to the technical field of batteries. Disclosed are a cover plate assembly and a battery. The cover plate assembly comprises: a cover plate provided with a liquid injection hole; and a conducting-blocking element comprising at least two support portions located on one side of a sealing portion in an axial direction, and an avoidance portion located between two adjacent support portions in a circumferential direction, wherein in a conducting state, the support portions abut against and fit with the inner wall of the liquid injection hole, and the avoidance portion is spaced apart from the inner wall of the liquid injection hole; in the conducting state, the area of each support portion that abuts against the inner wall of the liquid injection hole is defined as a pre-pressing abutting portion; and in the circumferential direction around the conducting-blocking element, the size of a contact area between the pre-pressing abutting portion and the inner wall of the liquid injection hole is defined as a pre-pressing width L, where L satisfies 0.2 mm≤L≤1.0 mm. The cover plate assembly provided in the present application can prevent the conducting-blocking element from popping upward due to insufficient friction generated in the area where the pre-pressing abutting portion abuts against the inner wall of the liquid injection hole; in addition, a sufficient exhaust channel is reserved to ensure the smooth progress of a helium leak detection process.

ELECTROLYTE ADDITIVE AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR, SECONDARY BATTERY, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE

Publication No.:  WO2025252004A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
HUAWEI TECH CO LTD [CN]
\u534E\u4E3A\u6280\u672F\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025252004_PA

Absstract of: WO2025252004A1

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of batteries. Provided are an electrolyte additive and a preparation method therefor, a secondary battery, and an electronic device. The electrolyte additive not only comprises fluorine atoms or a fluorine-containing substituent, but also comprises a cyano group, and can be used to generate a solid electrolyte interface film having rich inorganic components. The ionic conductivity and the stability of the solid electrolyte interface film are improved. Thus, the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage performance of batteries can be improved, accordingly.

BATTERY CELL, BATTERY, AND POWER CONSUMING APPARATUS

Publication No.:  US2025379262A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
CONTEMPORARY AMPEREX TECH CO LIMITED [CN]
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited
US_2025379262_PA

Absstract of: US2025379262A1

A battery cell includes an electrode assembly, a separator, and a support member. The electrode assembly includes a first electrode plate body and a second electrode plate body that have opposite polarities and are stacked in a first direction. The first electrode plate body includes a body portion and flange portions. A projection of the body portion onto the second electrode plate body in the first direction overlaps at least part of the second electrode plate body. The flange portions are connected to at least part of a peripheral side of the body portion and protrude from an outer edge of the second electrode plate body. The separator wraps the electrode assembly. The support member is located in the separator. The support member is disposed on at least one side of the electrode assembly in the first direction.

SOLID-STATE BATTERY CELLS WITH SEALING MEMBERS

Publication No.:  US2025379260A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
FORD GLOBAL TECH LLC [US]
FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
US_2025379260_PA

Absstract of: US2025379260A1

A solid-state battery includes a solid-state electrolyte, a first electrode layer disposed against a first major side of the electrolyte, and a gasket disposed against a second major side of the electrolyte. The gasket defines an opening. A second electrode layer is disposed within the opening such that the gasket completely circumscribes the second electrode. The second electrode is disposed against the second major side of the electrolyte.

ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM AND COMMUNICATION METHOD THEREFOR

Publication No.:  US2025379270A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD [KR]
LG ENERGY SOLUTION, LTD
US_2025379270_PA

Absstract of: US2025379270A1

Discussed is an energy storage system to transmit battery cell information including voltage information about all battery cells from a battery management system (BMS) to an upper-level controller, store voltage information about any N battery cells among all battery cells managed by the BMS, transmit a number of the N battery cells to the upper-level controller, generate, by the upper-level controller, authentication key information using the number of the N battery cells, generate a first authentication key using the battery cell information and the authentication key information, transmit the first authentication key and the authentication key information to the BMS, generate, by the BMS, a second authentication key using the number of the N battery cells about which the voltage information is stored and the authentication key information, and determine authenticity of a control command from the upper-level controller by comparing the first authentication key with the second authentication key

SYSTEMS AND METHODS OF ENHANCING BATTERY THERMAL MANAGEMENT DURING A CHARGE EVENT

Publication No.:  US2025379278A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
CATERPILLAR INC [US]
Caterpillar Inc
US_2025379278_PA

Absstract of: US2025379278A1

Provided herein are systems and methods for managing a temperature of a battery pack. For example, the method may include detecting, by one or more processors, a charge event for the battery pack, and, responsive to detecting the charge event, determining, by the one or more processors, a heat load for the battery pack, based on a current demand corresponding to the charge event of the battery pack, and transmitting, by the one or more processors, a signal to a thermal management system, to modify a condition of the thermal management system for cooling the battery pack, responsive to determining the heat load.

THERMAL RUNAWAY EVENT DETECTION

Publication No.:  US2025379274A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
INT BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION [US]
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION
US_2025379274_PA

Absstract of: US2025379274A1

Thermal runaway event detection includes measuring, using an expansion sensor layered over a battery device, a rate of expansion of the battery device based on time series detections of volumetric expansion by the expansion sensor; detecting, based on the rate of expansion, conditions for a thermal runaway event; and performing a thermal runaway remediation action in response to detecting the conditions for the thermal runaway event.

BOTTOM PLATE, CASE AND BATTERY HAVING SAME, AND ELECTRIC DEVICE

Publication No.:  WO2025251405A1 11/12/2025
Applicant: 
CONTEMPORARY AMPEREX TECH CO LIMITED [CN]
\u5B81\u5FB7\u65F6\u4EE3\u65B0\u80FD\u6E90\u79D1\u6280\u80A1\u4EFD\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8
WO_2025251405_PA

Absstract of: WO2025251405A1

A bottom plate (10), a case and a battery (100) having same, and an electric device (1000), relating to the technical field of batteries. Accommodating grooves (12) are formed in one side of the bottom plate (10) in the thickness direction, and the accommodating grooves (12) are suitable for accommodating heat exchange tubes (20). The bottom plate (10) comprises a plurality of assembled panels (11), wherein the plurality of assembled panels (11) are arranged in a first plane, and two adjacent assembled panels (11) are joined by welding so as to a weld seam (102). The accommodating grooves (12) are formed on the plurality of assembled panels (11) and bend and extend on the plurality of assembled panels (11), and the accommodating grooves (12) intersect with any weld seam (102) no more than twice.

ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE

Nº publicación: WO2025251232A1 11/12/2025

Applicant:

XIAMEN AMPACK TECH LIMITED [CN]
\u53A6\u95E8\u65B0\u80FD\u8FBE\u79D1\u6280\u6709\u9650\u516C\u53F8

WO_2025251232_PA

Absstract of: WO2025251232A1

The present application discloses an energy storage device, comprising a first housing, a plurality of battery modules, a refrigerant channel, a first channel and a first fan, wherein the plurality of battery modules are disposed in the first housing and arranged at intervals in a first direction; a gap is provided between the battery modules and the first housing; at least a portion of the refrigerant channel is located between adjacent battery modules; the first channel is spaced from the refrigerant channel, the first channel comprising a first channel inlet and a first channel outlet; in the first direction, the first channel outlet is farther away from the plurality of battery modules than the first channel inlet; and the first fan is configured to drive a first refrigerant to flow among the refrigerant channel, the first channel and the gap. By means of the first fan driving the first refrigerant to flow among the refrigerant channel, the first channel and the gap, the temperature of the battery modules is reduced and heat dissipation efficiency is improved. The first channel outlet being farther away from the plurality of battery modules than the first channel inlet reduces backflow of the first refrigerant to the first channel inlet, facilitating heat dissipation.

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